2. Topics
Market trends
Types of video
Video delivery architecture
Label Switched Multicast overview
L b l S it h d M lti t i
LSM signaling options
LSM applications for video delivery
Summary
2
3. Market Trends
Global IP traffic usage continues to increase
Video is becoming dominant part of consumer IP traffic
Video on demand (VoD), IP television (IPTV), and Internet TV
projected to account for majority of all consumer IP traffic
Differences characterized by user type, application, and
endpoint device
Consumer v s enterprise user
v.s.
Live video (TV) v.s. video on-demand (VoD)
Smart phone (handset), PC, television
Different levels of video quality
Standard Definition (SD)
High Definition (HD)
3
4. Video Types and Delivery Characteristics
Video Delivery
Video Type
Characteristics
Uncompressed video
Delivery of very high bandwidth
Production (SMPTE 292M, 372M, 424M)
video streams among select
Video Standard Definition: 270 Mbps number of locations
High Definition: 1.5–3 Gbps
Compressed (MPEG2 or 4) Delivery of medium to high
Enterprise
E t i bandwidth video streams
Standard Definition: 4–12 Mbps
Video between select number of
High Definition: 8–25 Mbps enterprise locations
Compressed (MPEG2 or 4) Delivery of low to medium
Consumer Standard Definition: 2–6 Mbps bandwidth video streams to
Video High Definition: 16 Mbps
large number of locations
(consumer STBs)
4
5. Video Delivery Architecture
Data communication path starting from video source to
end-user device or application
Video contribution
Collection of video content from distributed video sources
(locations) t centralized l
(l ti ) to t li d location(s) f post processing
ti ( ) for t i
Typically 1:2 connectivity relationship (i.e., 2 receivers)
Example: tapeless video feeds between video p
p p production studios
Video distribution
Delivery of video content to end-user devices and applications
Can be 1:N (broadcast) and 1:1 (VoD) connectivity relationship
Primary and secondary distribution
Examples: IPTV service, enterprise video b d
E l i t i id broadcasts
t
5
6. Video Delivery Applications
Video Type Type of Video Delivery
High Bandwidth Collection/aggregation of video
Video Production Video content from remote source
Contribution (typically single locations to one or more
channel/stream) centralized locations
Distribution of video and real-
Medium
Medi m to High Band idth
Bandwidth time (IPTV) content from
Primary Video Video (typically multiple content provider to
Distribution channels/stream) residential or enterprise
end users
Low to Medium Bandwidth Exchange and distribution of
Video over Video video and real-time content
Layer 2/3 VPN (typically single among enterprise customer
Services channel/stream)
VPN sites
6
7. MPLS Networking Requirements
IP multicast used for delivery of digital video over IP
Distribution of video to multiple destinations
MPLS used as core networking technology
Dedicated or shared network (i.e., content distribution + other services)
Key deployment requirements
y p y q
Traffic failure protection; not all video is the same; different resiliency
requirements may apply
Selective traffic path selection
Bandwidth
B d id h management
Efficient traffic forwarding; to handle increasing video bandwidth requirements
Need for integration of IP multicast with MPLS
Common MPLS forwarding plane for IP unicast and multicast traffic
MPLS point-to-multipoint and multipoint-to-multipoint connectivity
Leverage existing MPLS traffic engineering capabilities for IP multicast traffic
MPLS OAM for point-to-multipoint and multipoint-to-multipoint connectivity
7
8. Label-Switched Multicast Overview
What is Label Switched Multicast?
MPLS signaling/forwarding extensions to support P2MP connectivity
Two signaling options: RSVP extensions to LDP extensions (mLDP)
Why Label-Switched Multicast?
Existing MPLS and VPN mechanisms don’t support MPLS
encapsulation of IP multicast traffic and MPLS packet replication
Without MPLS encapsulation, MPLS traffic protection, bandwidth
engineering, and OAM can not be applied to IP multicast traffic
i i d tb li d t lti t t ffi
Benefits of Label-Switched Multicast
Efficient IP multicast traffic forwarding via MPLS packet replication
Enables MPLS traffic protection for IP multicast traffic
Enables path and bandwidth control of IP multicast traffic
Enables MPLS OAM to be applied to point-to-multipoint trees (LSPs)
8
9. P2MP TE Overview
P2MP TE Components:
Headend/source/ingress: Node where
LSP signaling is initiated
Midpoint: Transit node where LSP
Tail end signaling is processed
IP/MPLS PIM Tailend/Leaf/destination/egress: Node
Head end where LSP signaling ends
S2L sub-LSP Branch point: Node where packet
PIM
replication is performed
S2L sub-LSP Source-to-leaf (S2L) sub-LSP: LSP
segment that runs from source to one leaf
PIM
Key Characteristics:
Unidirectional and explicitly routed
One head-end, but one or
more tail-ends (destinations)
Same characteristics (constraints,
protection, etc.) for all destinations
Tail-end nodes can be added and deleted
from existing RSVP P2MP LSP tree
9
10. Multicast LDP Overview
Egress/Leaf mLDP Components:
IP/MPLS PIM Leaf/egress: Node initiating P2MP or
MP2MP LSP signaling
Ingress/Root
P2MP Midpoint: Transit node where mLDP
PIM
LSP signaling is processed
Branch point: Node where packet
replication is p
p performed
PIM
Mid-point / Source/ingress: Node connected to
branch point (network with) IP multicast receiver
P2MP LSP: unidirectional LSP with one
ingress and one or more egress nodes
MP2MP LSP: bidirectional LSP connected
to multiple nodes via Root node
Root PIM
MP2MP Key Characteristics:
LSP Leverages existing LDP sessions
g g
PIM
Unidirectional P2MP or bi-directional
MP2MP LSPs
IP/MPLS PIM
Egress/leaf nodes initiate LSP signaling
based on (dynamic) IGP next-hop data
( y ) p
Egress/leaf nodes can be dynamically
added and deleted from existing LSP 10
11. LSM Signaling Options
Multicast LDP P2MP RSVP TE
“IP-like” “Deterministic”
Connectionless Connection Oriented
• LDP signaling extensions • RSVP signaling extensions
Characteristics • Receiver-initiated LSP tree • Source-initiated LSP tree
building building
• Dynamic IGP-based LSP • Static/deterministic LSP
tree building tree building
• Dynamic IP multicast • Moderate number of static
receivers (and sources) IP multicast receivers
• Fast ReRoute protection of • Fast ReRoute protection of
IP multicast traffic IP multicast traffic
Applicability
• Simplified control plane • Traffic engineering of IP
and Drivers
(i.e., LDP instead of PIM) multicast traffic (constraint-
• Common MPLS forwarding based routing, bandwidth
plane for unicast and admission control)
multicast
11
12. draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-p2mp-03.txt RFC 4861
Network Deployments For Video Delivery
Trends Deployments
• HD video and need for • Static and limited number
CAPEX/OPEX savings of source and receiver
Video
driving migration of sites
Contribution
dedicated ATM/SDH to
MPLS/IP networks • High-bandwidth video flows
• Static and limited number
• Increasing use of core
of source and receiver
Primary Video
a y deo MPLS/IP networks for
sites
Distribution video distribution driving
LSM requirements • Medium-bandwidth video
flows
• Dynamic, and potentially
• MPLS VPN networks large nr of, receiver sites
Enterprise Video
increasingly being used for
Distribution • Low- to medium-bandwidth
video distribution
video flows
12
13. Use Case: P2MP TE for Video Contribution
Video Contribution
Typical Users:
P2MP TE
• Broadcasters
Regional Studio Sport Events
• Content distribution providers
Deployment Requirements:
p y q
• Bandwidth management
MPLS/IP
Network • Explicit networks paths
• P2MP t ffi di t ib ti
traffic distribution
• Network failure protection
LSM Application:
S pp cat o
Postproduction Postproduction
• Constrained-based P2MP TE
tunnels (explicit paths, BW)
• TE FRR for link protection
Video Data Center Video Data Center
13
14. Use Case: P2MP TE for Video Distribution
Video Contribution
Typical Users:
P2MP TE
• Cable providers (MSOs)
Super Head-end Office Super Head-end Office
• Carriers offering IPTV services
Deployment Requirements:
p y q
MPLS/IP
Network Primary • Bandwidth management
Distribution
• Explicit networks paths
• P2MP t ffi di t ib ti
traffic distribution
Video Video
Headend
Office
Headend
Office • Network failure protection
Metro
Access
Metro
Access
LSM Application:
S pp cat o
Secondary
Network Network Distribution
• Constrained-based P2MP TE
tunnels (explicit paths, BW)
• TE FRR for link protection
14
15. Use Case: mLDP for Video Distribution
Video Contribution
mLDP-
signaled Typical Users:
LSPs
Super Head-end Office Super Head-end Office
• Cable providers (MSOs)
MPLS/IP
• Carriers offering IPTV services
Network
Deployment Requirements:
mVPN mVPN
A B Primary
Distribution
• Secure traffic segmentation
• P2MP traffic distribution
Video Video
• Operational simplicity
Headend Headend
Office Office • Network failure protection
Metro Metro
Access Access Secondary
LSM Application:
Network Network Distribution
• Segmented IP multicast using
mLDP-signaled multicast VPNs
• TE FRR for link protection
15
16. Use Case: mLDP for Video Distribution
Video Contribution
Default MDT
Central/Headquarter
Data MDT
Typical Users:
Site
• Large enterprises
• Multicast VPN (mVPN) users
Deployment Requirements:
ep oy e t equ e e ts
• Single forwarding plane for ucast
Root and mcast traffic (simplicity)
Multicast
VPN • P2MP and MP2MP traffic
distribution
• Network failure protection for
IP multicast traffic
LSM Application
Application:
Branch Office • mLDP-signaled default and data
Branch Office
multicast distribution trees (MDT)
Branch Offi
B h Office • TE FRR for link protection
16
17. Summary
MPLS networks increasingly being used for delivery of
various types of video
Label Switched Multicast (LSM) offers RSVP and LDP
extensions for optimized P2MP MPLS forwarding
LSM can be leveraged for implementing optimized
MPLS connectivity for video delivery
Typical LSM applications are video contribution, primary
distribution, and enterprise video distribution
Not all video is the same; different resilience and
deployment requirements may apply
Will influence choice of LSM technology option
17
